Publications
National Survey on Pre-and Post Natal Smoking in the Republic of Serbia
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In a survey among the pre- and post-natal women in Serbia, data were collected on smoking prevalence at the moment of recognition of pregnancy, during the pregnancy, and 3 and 6 months after delivery, successful smoking cessation, exposure to SHS, health check-ups during the pregnancy and health of newborns. Using a method of stratified two-stage cluster sample, representative results for Serbia were obtained. In the sample 2,721 women who gave birth from April 1 to June 30, 2008 were selected. Using a specifically constructed questionnaire, trained |
patronage nurses interviewed women in their homes twice, first at 3 months and second at 6 months post-partum. Response rates were 98.2% for the first and 96.6% for the second visit. A total of 2,668 women were included. Half of all subjects live in Central Serbia, 25% in Belgrade and Vojvodina; 2/3 in urban area. The average age of women was 28; half of all women are primiparae. More than a half of all women had a high school education, and were blue-collar workers, and at the moment unemployed. However, 50% estimate their socio-economic status (SES) as average, and 41.6% as good. |
Prevalence of smoking35.7% smoked before conception (daily = 26.0%, occasionally = 9.7%)30.5% smoked in the first trimester of pregnancy (daily = 22.3%, occasionally = 8.3%)27.4% smoked in the second trimester of pregnancy (daily = 20.4%, occasionally = 7.0%)26.2% smoked in third trimester of pregnancy (daily = 19.9%, occasionally = 6.3%)37.2% ever smoked during the pregnancy (regularly = 23.4%, occasionally = 13.8%)31.7% smoked 3 months post-partum (daily = 24.7%, occasionally = 7.0%)31.3% smoked 6 months post-partum (daily = 26.7%, occasionally = 4.6%)
Factors associated with smoking during the pregnancy2.9 higher risk for smoking in pregnancy if smoking is allowed at home1.8 higher risk for smoking if pregnant women has a high school education1.5 higher risk for smoking in pregnancy if pregnant women declare poor SES1.3 higher risk for smoking in pregnancy if pregnant women has elementary education
Successful smoking cessation28.6% stopped smoking in pregnancy and did not start at 3 months post-partum11.8% stopped smoking after first visit of the patronage nurse and did not start at 6 months post-partum visit23.2% stopped smoking in pregnancy and did not start 6 months post-partum
Factors associated with successful smoking cessation2.7 higher successful smoking cessation in women who were primiparae
Exposure to SHS at home57.7% pregnant women exposed to SHS at home67.4% of those who smoke at home are husband/partner84.6% pregnant women allow smoking at home
Health check-ups during the pregnancy 98.9% of all women undertake regular health check-ups during the pregnancy 62.1% pregnant women were asked about their smoking status during check-ups 4.4% received the advice on smoking cessation 37.1% know where to find advice on smoking cessation
Health of newborns 2700 newborns were born in the study period (boys = 1330 g; girls = 1367 g) 3933,3 g is an average weight of newborns (boys = 3 461.0 g; girls = 3 325.0 g) 89.2 g lower average birth weight in newborns whose mothers smoked before conception 84.0 g lower average birth weight in newborns whose mothers smoked during the pregnancy |
Highlights
•Over 3 in 10 pregnant women smoked before conception: 37% smoked in some point in the pregnancy, and 31% smoked 6 months after delivery.
•Significant factors associated with smoking in pregnancy are smoking of the family members at home, lower education level and low SES.
•More than 2 in 10 women that stopped smoking in pregnancy, still do not smoke 6 months post-partum; 1 in 10 that stopped after 1st interview, do not smoke at 2nd interview.
•Тhe only factor associated with successful smoking cessation 6 months postpartum was first versus subsequent birth.
•High percentage of women allows smoking at home; nearly 7 in 10 were exposed to SHS at home, in 2/3 of cases from husband/partner.
- Almost all pregnant women had health check-ups in pregnancy; 2/3 of them were asked about smoking; only 4.4% got advice on smoking cessation.
- Newborns whose mother smoked before conception and during the pregnancy have lower birth weight
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